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蒼蠅是完全變態的(de)(de)(de)昆蟲(chong)(chong)，生(sheng)(sheng)活史包括：卵(luan)(luan)、幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)、蛹及成蟲(chong)(chong)4個時(shi)期(qi)。卵(luan)(luan)孵為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)，幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)通常稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛆。幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)蛻皮(pi)2次(ci)共有3齡(ling)(ling)，第三齡(ling)(ling)幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)不(bu)蛻皮(pi)即前后收縮而變為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)蛹，由(you)蛹前端(duan)開(kai)一(yi)(yi)環(huan)裂(lie)而羽化(hua)出(chu)成蟲(chong)(chong)。成蟲(chong)(chong)初出(chu)時(shi)，兩翅尚未展開(kai)只能(neng)爬行，過數十分鐘翅即展開(kai)，開(kai)始飛(fei)行生(sheng)(sheng)活。由(you)卵(luan)(luan)到(dao)成蟲(chong)(chong)所需(xu)(xu)時(shi)間依溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)、食(shi)物及種類的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)而異。溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)對(dui)蒼蠅各蟲(chong)(chong)期(qi)發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)影響。據測定(ding)，卵(luan)(luan)發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10-12℃，最(zui)(zui)高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)存溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)42℃；幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)12-14℃，最(zui)(zui)高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)存溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)46℃；蛹發(fa)育的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)日l1-13℃，最(zui)(zui)高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)存溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)39℃。人工(gong)養殖(zhi)時(shi)，幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)飼(si)養溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)以25一(yi)(yi)35℃為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜，低于22℃生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)周(zhou)期(qi)延長(chang)，高(gao)于40℃則幼(you)(you)(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)會從培養基中爬出(chu)，尋找(zhao)陰涼適溫(wen)(wen)處。在恒溫(wen)(wen)室（28士1℃）和(he)營養豐富的(de)(de)(de)條件下，蒼蠅的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活史周(zhou)期(qi)約(yue)需(xu)(xu)兩周(zhou)。在自然界，蒼蠅生(sheng)(sheng)活周(zhou)期(qi)視季(ji)(ji)(ji)節和(he)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)差別很大，據廣東白水東鎮(zhen)觀察，在當地的(de)(de)(de)自然條件下，蒼蠅生(sheng)(sheng)活史周(zhou)期(qi)春季(ji)(ji)(ji)（20.5℃）為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)14一(yi)(yi)18天(tian)(tian)，夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)（28.1℃）為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)7一(yi)(yi)9天(tian)(tian)，秋季(ji)(ji)(ji)（23.1℃）為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9一(yi)(yi)15天(tian)(tian)，冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)（16.4℃）為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)23一(yi)(yi)29天(tian)(tian)。一(yi)(yi)般情況下每(mei)完成一(yi)(yi)個世代，需(xu)(xu)要12一(yi)(yi)15.5天(tian)(tian)。
蒼(cang)蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)乳自色(se)，呈香(xiang)蕉形，長約1毫米。卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)殼的背(bei)面(mian)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)條(tiao)嵴(ji)，嵴(ji)間的膜最薄，卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)孵化(hua)時(shi)(shi)殼在(zai)此處(chu)裂開，幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)鉆出(chu)(chu)。蒼(cang)蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的發(fa)育最低(di)(di)(di)有(you)(you)(you)效溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)8一(yi)10℃（烏(wu)霍娃(wa)，1952）。自卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)產出(chu)(chu)后(hou)至幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)孵化(hua)出(chu)(chu)所需(xu)的時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)(wei)(wei)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)期，卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)期的長短(duan)和溫(wen)度(du)有(you)(you)(you)關。蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的孵化(hua)溫(wen)度(du)范圍為(wei)(wei)(wei)15一(yi)40℃之間，35℃時(shi)(shi)最短(duan)，僅需(xu)6一(yi)8小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)；當溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)25℃，濕(shi)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)65％時(shi)(shi)，8一(yi)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)即可孵出(chu)(chu)幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)；當溫(wen)度(du)低(di)(di)(di)于(yu)13℃時(shi)(shi)，蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)停(ting)止發(fa)育；低(di)(di)(di)于(yu)8℃或(huo)高于(yu)42℃時(shi)(shi)，卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)則死亡。霍新北報道在(zai)自然變溫(wen)條(tiao)件下，蒼(cang)蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)發(fa)育的起點溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)13.46士2.5℃。在(zai)腐(fu)爛物質堆中，卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)發(fa)育時(shi)(shi)期的長短(duan)，因溫(wen)度(du)不同而有(you)(you)(you)差異，夏天(tian)一(yi)般(ban)經過8一(yi)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)即可孵化(hua)。濕(shi)度(du)對(dui)(dui)蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的孵化(hua)率(lv)也有(you)(you)(you)很大的影(ying)響。蒼(cang)蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的發(fa)育需(xu)要高濕(shi)，相對(dui)(dui)濕(shi)度(du)低(di)(di)(di)于(yu)90%的時(shi)(shi)候率(lv)高。蒼(cang)蠅(ying)(ying)(ying)的卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)殼對(dui)(dui)于(yu)各種化(hua)合物的抵抗力(li)比幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)的表皮強。