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1、翡翠柚
翡(fei)(fei)翠(cui)柚(you)是麗水市林科所歷時10多年(nian)(nian)(nian)從柚(you)子類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)選育出(chu)的優良新株系，其果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)大(da)小適中(zhong)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉晶瑩翠(cui)綠，汁(zhi)胞(bao)軟脆多汁(zhi)、味(wei)(wei)(wei)甜、口感(gan)清(qing)(qing)爽，后味(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)(qing)新微苦(ku)，極易貯藏，是適合現代家庭消(xiao)費的佳品(pin)，在2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)第七次全國柚(you)類(lei)(lei)科研(yan)、生產協作大(da)會上榮獲“金懷獎”。品(pin)種特(te)征：麗水翡(fei)(fei)翠(cui)柚(you)植株高大(da)，樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)開張，樹(shu)冠呈自然圓(yuan)頭形(xing)(xing)，枝梢(shao)粗(cu)(cu)壯強(qiang)健，一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)生枝梢(shao)常密(mi)被絨毛，一(yi)般春梢(shao)短、細、圓(yuan)，夏秋(qiu)梢(shao)長而粗(cu)(cu)，呈三棱形(xing)(xing)。葉片寬(kuan)大(da)，單身復葉，葉色(se)濃綠，葉面平滑富有光(guang)澤(ze)。花為(wei)總狀(zhuang)花序，每(mei)花序可(ke)座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1-5個，以(yi)1-2個為(wei)主，花白(bai)色(se)，有香氣。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)近圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮淡(dan)綠色(se)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)頂平或(huo)微凹，易與瓤瓣剝離，瓤瓣12-16個，近半月(yue)(yue)形(xing)(xing)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉汁(zhi)胞(bao)呈長條狀(zhuang)，色(se)淡(dan)綠，晶瑩透亮，香味(wei)(wei)(wei)淡(dan)雅，油胞(bao)粗(cu)(cu)密(mi)，肉質脆嫩(nen)，味(wei)(wei)(wei)甜、爽口、化渣，后味(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)(qing)新微苦(ku)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)汁(zhi)維生素c含量豐富，高達108.04mg/100ml，是一(yi)般柚(you)類(lei)(lei)的2-3倍，可(ke)溶性固形(xing)(xing)含量12%，總糖10.29g/100ml，總酸0.33g/100ml，糖酸比31.08。翡(fei)(fei)翠(cui)柚(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)極耐貯藏，常溫下貯藏至(zhi)翌年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)，風味(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)變，水分不(bu)減，肉質脆嫩(nen)，無退(tui)化。皮厚1-1.5厘米，單果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)重(zhong)700-1000克，可(ke)食率49.52%。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)成熟期為(wei)11月(yue)(yue)上旬。
翡翠(cui)柚早實(shi)豐(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)，經濟效(xiao)益顯著。嫁接(jie)苗(miao)定植后第(di)三年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)掛果(guo)，6-7年(nian)(nian)進入盛(sheng)產(chan)(chan)期，平(ping)(ping)均株產(chan)(chan)80kg，高(gao)的(de)可達100kg，畝產(chan)(chan)3000-4000kg，豐(feng)(feng)產(chan)(chan)穩產(chan)(chan)。在中熟溫(wen)州(zhou)蜜柑(gan)(gan)上高(gao)接(jie)換種，親(qin)和力(li)好，當年(nian)(nian)可恢復(fu)樹(shu)冠(guan)，第(di)二(er)年(nian)(nian)始(shi)果(guo)，第(di)三年(nian)(nian)正常投產(chan)(chan)。翡翠(cui)柚適應性(xing)(xing)廣抗(kang)性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，能在山(shan)地(di)、平(ping)(ping)原、水田、灘圩地(di)正常生長(chang)；耐寒性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，在-7.5℃的(de)低溫(wen)下(xia)僅表現(xian)為Ⅰ-Ⅱ級(ji)凍害(hai)；抗(kang)病性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，病蟲(chong)害(hai)少(shao)。 翡翠(cui)柚適宜在年(nian)(nian)均氣(qi)溫(wen)16℃以上的(de)地(di)區生長(chang)，抗(kang)寒性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，在-7.5℃時只(zhi)有少(shao)量葉(xie)片受(shou)凍。翡翠(cui)柚對水分(fen)和光照的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)與其他(ta)柑(gan)(gan)桔相似。對土壤(rang)酸堿度的(de)適應范圍較廣。
2、處州早紅柚
早(zao)紅柚(you)(you)是麗(li)水(shui)市林(lin)科所歷(li)時15年(nian)從(cong)柚(you)(you)類中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)出(chu)的早(zao)熟(shu)優良新(xin)株系，其果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)秋節(jie)前(qian)成(cheng)熟(shu)，大(da)小適(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉深紅色，汁(zhi)胞(bao)(bao)軟(ruan)脆多汁(zhi)、味(wei)甜(tian)酸(suan)(suan)適(shi)(shi)口，是適(shi)(shi)合(he)現(xian)(xian)代家庭消費的果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品和(he)(he)饋(kui)贈親(qin)友的佳品。處州(zhou)早(zao)紅柚(you)(you)植株中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸，樹(shu)形(xing)開(kai)張，樹(shu)冠呈自(zi)然圓頭形(xing)。葉(xie)卵形(xing)，嫩(nen)葉(xie)翼(yi)大(da)，呈倒(dao)心形(xing)，單身(shen)復葉(xie)，葉(xie)色濃綠，葉(xie)面富有(you)光(guang)澤。葉(xie)片寬大(da)，葉(xie)長(chang)(chang)8-15cm，寬5-10cm。枝葉(xie)的形(xing)態還(huan)因修剪程度、肥水(shui)條件、樹(shu)齡的不(bu)同(tong)(tong)而發生(sheng)(sheng)很大(da)的差(cha)異。結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝為有(you)葉(xie)花(hua)序(xu)枝和(he)(he)無葉(xie)花(hua)序(xu)枝，結果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)部位主要分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)樹(shu)冠中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)部和(he)(he)內膛。花(hua)為總狀花(hua)序(xu)，每花(hua)序(xu)一般有(you)5-20朵花(hua)，每花(hua)序(xu)可(ke)(ke)座果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1-3個，以1個為多。豐(feng)產(chan)、穩產(chan)性能好，無裂果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)現(xian)(xian)象。花(hua)長(chang)(chang)圓形(xing)，白(bai)色，有(you)香氣(qi)。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)萌(meng)芽、露芽抽(chou)梢，3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)現(xian)(xian)蕾，至4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)春梢停止生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)始(shi)(shi)花(hua)，4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)盛(sheng)花(hua)，5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)謝花(hua)，5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)為第一次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)理落果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)，6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)為第二(er)次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)理落果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)底開(kai)始(shi)(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)瓤(rang)囊，6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)種(zhong)(zhong)核形(xing)成(cheng)，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)進入穩果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)著(zhu)色期(qi)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)成(cheng)熟(shu)。處州(zhou)早(zao)紅柚(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)大(da)小適(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，外觀端正，錐圓形(xing)，單果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)重800-1000g，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮(pi)橙黃(huang)色，香氣(qi)濃，耐(nai)(nai)運輸，厚0.5－1.0cm,油胞(bao)(bao)細,果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面光(guang)滑,有(you)光(guang)澤,果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮(pi)易(yi)剝離(li)，海綿層淡紅色，易(yi)與瓤(rang)瓣(ban)(ban)剝離(li)，囊瓣(ban)(ban)12-15瓣(ban)(ban),囊壁(bi)薄而紅。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉深紅色，汁(zhi)胞(bao)(bao)軟(ruan)脆、多汁(zhi)，化(hua)渣，甜(tian)酸(suan)(suan)適(shi)(shi)口，風味(wei)濃，味(wei)甜(tian)酸(suan)(suan)適(shi)(shi)口、爽口、后味(wei)清新(xin)。少(shao)籽或無籽，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)食率63.28%，品質優，商品性好。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)汁(zhi)維生(sheng)(sheng)素c含量49.38mg/100ml；可(ke)(ke)溶性固(gu)形(xing)含量12%，總糖(tang)8.50g/100ml，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還(huan)原(yuan)糖(tang)3.49g/ml，蔗糖(tang)4.50g/ml，總酸(suan)(suan)1.33g/100ml，轉化(hua)糖(tang)8.17g/ml，糖(tang)酸(suan)(suan)比(bi)6.39，固(gu)酸(suan)(suan)比(bi)9.02。處州(zhou)早(zao)紅柚(you)(you)早(zao)熟(shu)豐(feng)產(chan)，嫁接(jie)苗定植后第三年(nian)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)掛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，6-7年(nian)進入盛(sheng)產(chan)期(qi)，平均株產(chan)50kg，高(gao)的可(ke)(ke)達(da)80kg，畝產(chan)2000-3500kg。在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)熟(shu)溫州(zhou)蜜柑上(shang)高(gao)接(jie)換(huan)種(zhong)(zhong)，親(qin)和(he)(he)力(li)好，當年(nian)可(ke)(ke)恢復樹(shu)勢，第二(er)年(nian)始(shi)(shi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，第三年(nian)正常投產(chan)。適(shi)(shi)應(ying)性廣(guang)抗性強(qiang)(qiang)，能在(zai)山(shan)地(di)、平原(yuan)、水(shui)田、灘圩(wei)地(di)正常生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)；耐(nai)(nai)寒(han)性強(qiang)(qiang)，在(zai)-7.0℃的低溫下(xia)(xia)(xia)僅表現(xian)(xian)為Ⅰ-Ⅱ級凍害；抗病性強(qiang)(qiang)，病蟲(chong)害少(shao)。處州(zhou)早(zao)紅柚(you)(you)適(shi)(shi)宜在(zai)年(nian)均氣(qi)溫16℃以上(shang)的地(di)區生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，對(dui)(dui)水(shui)分(fen)和(he)(he)光(guang)照的要求與其他(ta)柑桔(jie)相似。對(dui)(dui)土壤的適(shi)(shi)應(ying)性強(qiang)(qiang),在(zai)山(shan)地(di)、平地(di)和(he)(he)灘圩(wei)地(di)均可(ke)(ke)栽培，對(dui)(dui)土壤酸(suan)(suan)堿度的適(shi)(shi)應(ying)范圍較(jiao)廣(guang)，砧木(mu)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)，對(dui)(dui)土壤的適(shi)(shi)應(ying)性有(you)較(jiao)大(da)差(cha)異，枳(zhi)殼(ke)砧木(mu)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)性最廣(guang)。