大蒜基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)要以有機肥(fei)(fei)為主。有機肥(fei)(fei)通常(chang)指(zhi)圈肥(fei)(fei)、雞(ji)糞、鴨糞、廄肥(fei)(fei)、堆肥(fei)(fei)、餅肥(fei)(fei)等(deng)。基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)的(de)施用量是否充足，直接關(guan)系到大蒜蒜頭(tou)的(de)商品性和植(zhi)株(zhu)的(de)越冬性能(neng)，因此(ci)在(zai)生產上給大蒜施足基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)。

基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)應根據大蒜的目標產量(liang)和單位(wei)面(mian)積(ji)產量(liang)的需肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)等(deng)(deng)多種因素綜合(he)考(kao)慮確定(ding)。要求施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)豬圈肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2500-3000公(gong)斤，或廄肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)4500-5000公(gong)斤。有(you)條(tiao)件的可施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)棉籽餅等(deng)(deng)餅肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50-100公(gong)斤。也可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)苜蓿等(deng)(deng)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)物(wu)壓青(qing)、鮮草漚制等(deng)(deng)作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。配合(he)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)通常有(you)過(guo)(guo)磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鈣、氮磷(lin)(lin)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、氮鉀復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或三元復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)(deng)。每667平方米(mi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)標準氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)75公(gong)斤左右。氮素化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)要有(you)2/3作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，1/3作(zuo)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。磷(lin)(lin)、鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)絕大部分(fen)作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。磷(lin)(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鈣30公(gong)斤左右。磷(lin)(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)，無論(lun)是過(guo)(guo)磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鈣，還是鈣鎂磷(lin)(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，都要與有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)混(hun)合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，淺耕翻(fan)入耕層。鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)數量(liang)，一般每667平方米(mi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)硫酸(suan)鉀30公(gong)斤左右。

大蒜(suan)基肥(fei)(fei)的施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)方(fang)法(fa)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)將有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)的一(yi)(yi)半在(zai)(zai)(zai)耕(geng)地(di)前施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入，均(jun)勻地(di)撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)土壤表面，結合耕(geng)地(di)，將肥(fei)(fei)料翻(fan)入地(di)下(xia)(xia)；另一(yi)(yi)半在(zai)(zai)(zai)播種時(shi)，集中(zhong)進行溝施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，并使肥(fei)(fei)、土相混，然后播種。如以碳酸氫銨或有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)作基肥(fei)(fei)時(shi)，要開溝埋施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，或隨水(shui)澆(jiao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)后結合整地(di)使肥(fei)(fei)與土壤混合均(jun)勻。磷肥(fei)(fei)的施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)最好(hao)是(shi)(shi)淺(qian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、集中(zhong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或分(fen)層施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一(yi)(yi)有(you)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)耕(geng)地(di)前施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)，另一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)耕(geng)后栽蒜(suan)時(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)，或在(zai)(zai)(zai)整地(di)后淺(qian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)下(xia)(xia)6-10厘米(mi)處，以利(li)幼苗(miao)吸收利(li)用(yong)，培育壯苗(miao)，提高磷肥(fei)(fei)當季利(li)用(yong)率。鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)耕(geng)地(di)時(shi)，隨耕(geng)地(di)隨撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，翻(fan)入地(di)下(xia)(xia)即可(ke)(ke)。